Arthritis is a common condition that affects millions of Australians, causing pain, stiffness, and swelling in the joints. It can develop gradually or come on suddenly, making it difficult for many people to know when to seek medical advice. If you are concerned about joint pain or suspect you might have it. understanding the symptoms and what to do next is crucial for managing the condition effectively.
In this article, we will explore the signs of arthritis, when to consult a healthcare professional, and what treatment options are available to help manage this condition.
What is Arthritis?
Arthritis is not just one disease; it refers to a group of over 100 conditions that cause joint inflammation and pain. The most common types are:
- Osteoarthritis: Often called the ‘wear and tear’ arthritis, this type results from the breakdown of cartilage in the joints, usually due to ageing or overuse.
- Rheumatoid arthritis: An autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the joints, causing inflammation.
- Psoriatic arthritis: Associated with the skin condition psoriasis, it causes joint pain and swelling.
- Gout: A form of arthritis where uric acid crystals build up in the joints, leading to sudden and severe pain.
Each type of arthritis has its own set of symptoms, but they all share one common feature—joint discomfort. Identifying these symptoms early can help in managing the condition more effectively.
Early Symptoms of Arthritis
If you are suspicious that you may have arthritis, paying attention to certain symptoms can be helpful. Arthritis can affect people of any age, although it is more common as we get older. Here are some signs to watch for:
Joint Pain and Stiffness
The most noticeable symptom is pain in the joints. This pain might come and go or persist, and can worsen after activity. Stiffness, particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity, is also a common early sign.
Swelling and Redness
Inflamed joints may become swollen, tender, or red. Swelling is caused by inflammation in the joint lining, and it may affect your ability to move the joint freely. If you notice this along with pain, it is worth considering arthritis as a potential cause.
Decreased Range of Motion
Over time, arthritis can reduce your ability to move a joint through its full range of motion. You may notice stiffness or difficulty when trying to bend or straighten a joint, which can affect daily activities like walking, typing, or even holding objects.
Fatigue and General Malaise
Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis can also cause general tiredness or a feeling of being unwell. This is because autoimmune forms of arthritis affect the entire body, not just the joints.
When to See a GP
If you are experiencing persistent joint pain, stiffness, or any other concerning symptoms, it is a good idea to consult a healthcare professional. While it might be tempting to brush off the signs of arthritis as part of getting older or just overexertion, early diagnosis is key to effective management.
Your GP can evaluate your symptoms, order tests, and refer you to a specialist if necessary. The earlier it is diagnosed, the better the chances of managing symptoms and preventing further joint damage.
Diagnosing Arthritis: What to Expect
When you visit a GP or specialist about your joint pain, they will likely perform several tests to determine whether it is the cause. This may include:
- Physical Examination: The doctor will assess your joints for signs of swelling, redness, or tenderness, as well as check your range of motion.
- Blood Tests: These can detect markers of inflammation, autoimmune diseases, or other conditions that might indicate rheumatoid arthritis or other types.
- Imaging Tests: X-rays, MRIs, or ultrasounds may be used to see the extent of joint damage or inflammation and help confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment Options for Arthritis
While there’s currently no cure for arthritis, there are many treatment options available that can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment plans are tailored to the individual, depending on the type of arthritis and its severity.
Medications
There are several types of medications that can help manage arthritis symptoms, including:
- Pain Relievers: Over-the-counter options like paracetamol or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can help reduce pain and inflammation.
- Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs): These are used to slow the progression of rheumatoid arthritis and protect the joints from damage.
- Biologic Agents: A newer class of medications that target specific parts of the immune system to reduce inflammation in autoimmune arthritis.
Lifestyle Changes
Simple lifestyle adjustments can go a long way in managing arthritis. Maintaining a healthy weight reduces stress on weight-bearing joints, and regular exercise can help keep joints flexible and muscles strong. Low-impact activities like swimming, cycling, and yoga are particularly beneficial for people dealing with it.
Physical Therapy
Physiotherapy can improve joint mobility and strengthen muscles around the joints, helping to alleviate pain and improve function. A physiotherapist can work with you to create a tailored exercise program to manage your specific symptoms.
Surgery
In severe cases of arthritis, where joint damage is significant and non-surgical treatments are not effective, surgery may be recommended. Joint replacement surgeries, such as hip or knee replacements, are common for those with advanced osteoarthritis.
Managing Arthritis: Tips for Daily Life
Living with arthritis can present daily challenges, but there are many ways to adapt and manage the condition. Here are some tips:
- Use Heat or Cold Therapy: Applying heat can soothe stiff joints, while cold packs can reduce swelling.
- Pace Yourself: Spread out activities to avoid over-exertion and give your joints a break.
- Stay Active: Regular, gentle exercise can help maintain joint flexibility and muscle strength, which can reduce pain.
- Seek Support: Whether it is from healthcare professionals or support groups, sharing experiences and advice can be incredibly helpful.
Conclusion
Arthritis is a condition that can significantly impact your quality of life if left untreated, but early diagnosis and proper management can make a world of difference. By understanding the symptoms and knowing when to seek help, you can take control of your health and ensure better long-term outcomes. If you are suspicious of it or experiencing any joint pain, do not hesitate to consult a healthcare provider to discuss your symptoms and develop a treatment plan tailored to your needs.
At Berkeley Medical Center, we are here to support you through every step of your health journey. Our team of experienced GPs and specialists is ready to provide comprehensive care, from diagnosis to treatment and ongoing management of arthritis
